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  "full_text": "Case 1:20-cr-00330-PAE Document 467 Filed 11/15/21 Page 56 of 158 56 LBAGmax2 Rocchio - Direct can get consistency. And it's a concept that is frequently referred to in forensic studies. Q. Do more recent articles respond to some of the concerns raised by this Bennett and O'Donohue article? A. They do. Q. Can you please explain? A. The article we looked at earlier by Winters attempted specifically to address some concerns. So she attempted to validate the grooming model. And she very specifically wanted to see, okay, of course there's not going to be universal agreement on every single behavior, but she did a statistical study to find out specifically what behaviors do the professionals and the experts agree upon. And again, remembering that all of the behaviors -- even the ones that, in that particular study, didn't meet the statistical significance in that study, all of those behaviors were behaviors that have been commonly referred to and described in the literature. Q. Dr. Rocchio, how do error rates factor into this literature? A. So I think when we talk about error rates within the field of psychology, the kind of gold standard is when you have a particular technique or a drug and you ideally would randomly assign people, one who receives the drug, one who doesn't receive the drug, and I would kind of compare whether -- how effective it is. For obvious reasons, you can't assign some SOUTHERN DISTRICT REPORTERS, P.C. (212) 805-0300 DOJ-OGR-00007235",
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      "content": "can get consistency. And it's a concept that is frequently referred to in forensic studies. Q. Do more recent articles respond to some of the concerns raised by this Bennett and O'Donohue article? A. They do. Q. Can you please explain? A. The article we looked at earlier by Winters attempted specifically to address some concerns. So she attempted to validate the grooming model. And she very specifically wanted to see, okay, of course there's not going to be universal agreement on every single behavior, but she did a statistical study to find out specifically what behaviors do the professionals and the experts agree upon. And again, remembering that all of the behaviors -- even the ones that, in that particular study, didn't meet the statistical significance in that study, all of those behaviors were behaviors that have been commonly referred to and described in the literature. Q. Dr. Rocchio, how do error rates factor into this literature? A. So I think when we talk about error rates within the field of psychology, the kind of gold standard is when you have a particular technique or a drug and you ideally would randomly assign people, one who receives the drug, one who doesn't receive the drug, and I would kind of compare whether -- how effective it is. For obvious reasons, you can't assign some",
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