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    "page_number": "136",
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    "date": "01/15/25",
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  "full_text": "Case 1:20-cr-00330-PAE Document 782 Filed 01/15/25 Page 136 of 158 136 LBAAMAX5ps Rocchio - Cross\n\n1 THE COURT: Can I ask, do you agree with the\n2 proposition that this was -- a version of it is that the\n3 meaning of grooming or an understanding of what constitutes\n4 grooming strategies and the like is contested in the\n5 literature?\n6 THE WITNESS: I wouldn't say that it's contested. I\n7 would say that there's actually substantial agreement and\n8 there's more agreement than disagreement. So I would say that\n9 the concept is well accepted. Exactly how to define it is the\n10 piece that I think they're working on. And also which specific\n11 stages or what order and the process by which it happens, I\n12 think, is something that these authors -- well, the Winters\n13 authors -- are trying to move forward on. But I think the very\n14 concept of the idea that offenders use a variety of tactics,\n15 modus operandi, and behaviors in the process of developing a\n16 relationship with their intended victims is well established\n17 and accepted in the peer-reviewed literature and scientific\n18 community.\n19 THE COURT: To the extent you're familiar with the\n20 body of literature around trauma bonding in the sex-worker\n21 context, is there a comparable sort of dialogue and discussion\n22 among -- within the field as to what is an appropriate model,\n23 what counts as -- deemed strategies and the like?\n24 THE WITNESS: I'm aware of some research that's been\n25 done looking at the types of behaviors and groomings, which\n\nSOUTHERN DISTRICT REPORTERS, P.C. (212) 805-0300\n\nDOJ-OGR-00015012",
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      "content": "Case 1:20-cr-00330-PAE Document 782 Filed 01/15/25 Page 136 of 158 136 LBAAMAX5ps Rocchio - Cross",
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      "content": "1 THE COURT: Can I ask, do you agree with the proposition that this was -- a version of it is that the meaning of grooming or an understanding of what constitutes grooming strategies and the like is contested in the literature?",
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      "content": "6 THE WITNESS: I wouldn't say that it's contested. I would say that there's actually substantial agreement and there's more agreement than disagreement. So I would say that the concept is well accepted. Exactly how to define it is the piece that I think they're working on. And also which specific stages or what order and the process by which it happens, I think, is something that these authors -- well, the Winters authors -- are trying to move forward on. But I think the very concept of the idea that offenders use a variety of tactics, modus operandi, and behaviors in the process of developing a relationship with their intended victims is well established and accepted in the peer-reviewed literature and scientific community.",
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      "type": "printed",
      "content": "19 THE COURT: To the extent you're familiar with the body of literature around trauma bonding in the sex-worker context, is there a comparable sort of dialogue and discussion among -- within the field as to what is an appropriate model, what counts as -- deemed strategies and the like?",
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      "type": "printed",
      "content": "24 THE WITNESS: I'm aware of some research that's been done looking at the types of behaviors and groomings, which",
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      "content": "SOUTHERN DISTRICT REPORTERS, P.C. (212) 805-0300",
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      "content": "DOJ-OGR-00015012",
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